{"version":1,"type":"rich","provider_name":"Libsyn","provider_url":"https:\/\/www.libsyn.com","height":90,"width":600,"title":"The Democratization of Violence in the Greater Middle East","description":"Dr. Carter Malkasian joins us to explore how the &quot;democratization of violence&quot;\u2014driven by the availability of assault rifles and explosives\u2014empowered non-state actors and challenged state authority throughout the Cold War. The conversation also addresses the role of Islam in legitimizing non-state violence and how foreign intervention accelerated these trends. Malkasian's latest article, &quot;Wars of the Greater Middle East, 1945\u201392,&quot; is featured in TNSR Volume 9, Issue 1. ","author_name":"Horns of a Dilemma","author_url":"https:\/\/tnsr.org\/","html":"<iframe title=\"Libsyn Player\" style=\"border: none\" src=\"\/\/html5-player.libsyn.com\/embed\/episode\/id\/39243305\/height\/90\/theme\/custom\/thumbnail\/yes\/direction\/forward\/render-playlist\/no\/custom-color\/88AA3C\/\" height=\"90\" width=\"600\" scrolling=\"no\"  allowfullscreen webkitallowfullscreen mozallowfullscreen oallowfullscreen msallowfullscreen><\/iframe>","thumbnail_url":"https:\/\/assets.libsyn.com\/secure\/content\/196121900"}