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  <title>Freedom House Ambulance Service &amp;amp; Bessie Coleman</title>
  <description>Freedom House Ambulance Service&amp;amp;nbsp;was the first&amp;amp;nbsp;emergency medical service&amp;amp;nbsp;in the United States to be staffed by&amp;amp;nbsp;paramedics&amp;amp;nbsp;with medical training beyond basic first aid.[1][2]&amp;amp;nbsp;Founded in 1967 to serve the predominantly Black&amp;amp;nbsp;Hill District&amp;amp;nbsp;of&amp;amp;nbsp;Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, it was staffed entirely by African Americans.[3][4]&amp;amp;nbsp;Freedom House Ambulance Service broke medical ground by training its personnel to previously unheard-of standards of emergency medical care for patients en route to hospitals.[3][5][6]&amp;amp;nbsp;The paramedic training and ambulance design standards pioneered in the Freedom House Ambulance Service would set the standard for emergency care nationally and even internationally.[2][5]&amp;amp;nbsp;Despite its successes, the ambulance service was closed eight years after it began operating.[5] &amp;amp;nbsp; Elizabeth Coleman&amp;amp;nbsp;(January 26, 1892&amp;amp;nbsp;– April 30, 1926)[2]&amp;amp;nbsp;was an early American&amp;amp;nbsp;civil aviator. She was the&amp;amp;nbsp;first African-American&amp;amp;nbsp;woman and first&amp;amp;nbsp;Native American&amp;amp;nbsp;to hold a&amp;amp;nbsp;pilot&amp;amp;nbsp;license,[3][4][5][6][7][8][9]&amp;amp;nbsp;and is the earliest known Black person to earn an&amp;amp;nbsp;international pilot's license.[10]&amp;amp;nbsp;She earned her license from the&amp;amp;nbsp;Fédération Aéronautique Internationale&amp;amp;nbsp;on June 15, 1921.[5][6][11] </description>
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