1 rich Libsyn https://www.libsyn.com 90 600 In this episode, we explore the science, history, and frontline application of End-Tidal CO₂ (ETCO₂) — a tool that offers real-time insight into ventilation, perfusion, and metabolism. Danny and Rance from DnR explain how paramedics can use ETCO₂ to assess and guide care across multiple patient presentations. Key Takeaways: ETCO₂ is the sixth vital sign — reflecting ventilation, perfusion, and metabolism in real time. Capnography vs. Oximetry: SpO₂ shows what was happening; ETCO₂ shows what’s happening now. Waveform interpretation: Alpha and beta angles reveal underlying pathology like bronchospasm, obstruction, or air trapping. Clinical uses: Tube confirmation: Real-time verification in 6 breaths or less. CPR: Values &amp;lt;10 mmHg after 20 mins indicate poor prognosis. Ventilation: Real-time feedback for rate and volume. Head injuries: Maintain normocapnia; hyperventilate only during herniation. Sepsis, trauma, PE, and DKA: Trending ETCO₂ helps identify metabolic and perfusion problems. Practical tips: “Filter first, end-tidal to the sky.” Inline sensors outperform sidestream for accuracy. End-tidal is not just for intubated patients — use it with nasal prongs for sedation and respiratory monitoring. Critical Levels http://www.criticallevels.ca <iframe title="Libsyn Player" style="border: none" src="//html5-player.libsyn.com/embed/episode/id/38629035/height/90/theme/custom/thumbnail/yes/direction/forward/render-playlist/no/custom-color/073a99/" height="90" width="600" scrolling="no" allowfullscreen webkitallowfullscreen mozallowfullscreen oallowfullscreen msallowfullscreen></iframe> https://assets.libsyn.com/secure/content/194344820