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  <title>DKA in Critical Care</title>
  <description>  What is DKA? – The triad of hyperglycaemia, ketonaemia, and metabolic acidosis (JBDS 2023 definitions).   Pathophysiology explained – Insulin deficiency, ketone production, and why potassium is so tricky.   Clinical features – Polyuria, dehydration, Kussmaul breathing, acetone breath, and red flags for deterioration.   Investigations – Capillary ketones, blood gases, electrolytes, ECG, and screening for precipitants.   Management (UK guidelines) – Fluids first, fixed-rate insulin infusion, careful potassium replacement, and always treat the trigger.   Pitfalls – Starting insulin before fluids, forgetting potassium, dropping glucose too quickly, or missing the underlying cause.   Case vignette – A young woman with type 1 diabetes presenting in DKA, walking through priorities and pitfalls in real time.   🔑 Key takeaways:   DKA = fluids first, insulin second, potassium throughout.   Monitor closely and stick to the JBDS 2023 UK protocol.   Always identify and treat the precipitating cause.   </description>
  <author_name>The Critical Care Practitioner</author_name>
  <author_url>http://criticalcarepractitioner.libsyn.com/website</author_url>
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